Full Name
interleukin 1, alpha
Background
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. This cytokine is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2. It has been suggested that the polymorphism of these genes is associated with rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimers disease.
Alternative Names
IL1A; interleukin 1, alpha; IL1; IL-1A; IL1F1; IL1-ALPHA; interleukin-1 alpha; IL-1 alpha; hematopoietin-1; preinterleukin 1 alpha; pro-interleukin-1-alpha; MABp1, Xilonix™, CA-18C3, CV-18C3, RA-18C3, T2-18C3
Cellular Localization
Extracellular region or secreted
Involvement in Disease
Diseases associated with IL1A include Arthritis and Cholesteatoma Of Middle Ear.
Related Pathways
Its related pathways are NF-KappaB Family Pathway and Diseases associated with the TLR signaling cascade.
Function
IL-1 is produced by activated macrophages and stimulates the proliferation of thymocytes by inducing the release of IL-2, the maturation and proliferation of b cells, and the activity of fibroblast growth factor. IL-1 protein is involved in the inflammatory response, is identified as an endogenous pyrogen, and is reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.
Post-translational modifications
1.Glycosylation at Asn102 and Asn141 2.Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Biologic Classification
Protein Based Therapies
Monoclonal antibody (mAb)
Description
MABp1 is a first-in-class true human antibody targeting interleukin-1α, used in refractory cancer. MABp1 was well tolerated, no dose-limiting toxicities were experienced, and disease control was observed. Further study of MABp1 anti-interleukin-1α antibody therapy for advanced stage cancer is warranted.
Indication
Cancer; Colorectal Cancer; Diabetes Type 2; Rheumatoid Arthritis
