Science Advances

Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a key mechanism by which the immune system responds to pathogens and cancer cells. Recent advancements in understanding and harnessing ADCC have led to several noteworthy scientific advances:

Engineering Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs): Scientists have made significant progress in engineering monoclonal antibodies to enhance their ADCC activity. This includes modifying the Fc region of antibodies to optimize binding to Fcγ receptors on immune cells like natural killer (NK) cells, which are key effectors of ADCC.

Fig.1 Structure of mAb and mechanism of action in different reactions.¹

• Fc Engineering: Researchers have developed novel Fc variants with increased affinity for Fcγ receptors, leading to enhanced ADCC potency. These engineered antibodies have shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies for various cancers and infectious diseases.
• Bispecific Antibodies: Bispecific antibodies are engineered to simultaneously bind to a target antigen on cancer cells and a receptor on immune cells, such as CD16A on NK cells. This dual binding facilitates ADCC by bringing immune cells into close proximity with target cells, thereby enhancing cytotoxicity.
• Combination Therapies: Advances in understanding the mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors and their interaction with ADCC have paved the way for combination therapies.
• Imaging Techniques: High-resolution imaging techniques have provided insights into the dynamics of ADCC at the cellular level. These techniques allow scientists to visualize the interactions between antibodies, target cells, and immune effectors in real time, providing valuable information for optimizing therapeutic strategies.
• Personalized medicine: Advances in biomarkers and genomics have made the specific factors of ADCC efficacy increasingly clear.

Overall, these scientific advances have significantly advanced our understanding of ADCC and its role in immune surveillance and therapy. Continued research in this field holds promise for the development of more effective immunotherapies for cancer, infectious diseases, and other conditions. Here, Creative Biolabs provides the latest research information to share the scientific results of ADCC with you!

Reference

1. van der Horst.; et al. "Fc-engineered antibodies with enhanced Fc-effector function for the treatment of B-cell malignancies." Cancers. (2020) 12,10 3041.